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Collection: Museum: University of St Andrews

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With the support of his 9th Army Corps of 18,000 troops, General Burnside declares martial law in Nicholasville. He prohibits secessionists from voting and posts troops at polling places. These actions follow a period of heightened federal interventions in civilian life as officials seek to suppress Confederate sympathies and treasonous acts.

US victories at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson along the Tennessee—Kentucky border open the Deep South to invasion.

US forces seize Knoxville, liberating Tennessee Unionists who had suffered under Confederate occupation from the beginning of the war.

The US Army, by order of Brig. Gen. Speed S. Fry, expels over 400 Black refugees, mostly women and children, from Camp Nelson. 102 people died of exposure and illness in the immediate aftermath.

The US Army reverses its policy and allows African American refugees into Camp Nelson. Capt. Theron Hall and Rev. John G. Fee open the “Home for Colored Refugees,” which included wooden cottages, education and religious services, and a hospital.

The US Army officially closes Camp Nelson. Only about 250 refugees remain at the Home for Colored Refugees. Former refugees and USCT veterans establish the community of Ariel (today known as Hall). Many residents worked in agriculture and the distillery industry, and supported the Ariel Academy for over fifty years.

The Union Soldiers and Sailors Monument Association is formed in Louisville, KY with the aim of establishing the first monument to the Union men of Kentucky. Aside from a marker dedicated in Cave Hill Cemetery in 1914, no such public monument was ever realized. In 1897, the Association publishes The Union Regiments of Kentucky as “a monument to the soldiers” that may help to progress “a stately shaft of granite as a further memorial.” The account omits detailed mention of any USCT regiments, arguing that, since such regiments “belonged directly to the United States government” and “were never in or connected with the Kentucky regiments, an account of them in no way belongs to this work.”

The Republican-led House of Representatives in Kentucky passes a bill placing authority over the removal or addition of statues to the Capitol building rotunda in the hands of lawmakers. Republican state Representative David Hale denies that there is any connection between the bill and the removal of the Jefferson Davis statue in 2020.

The National Civil Rights Act is passed into public law and prohibits discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) founds a branch in Louisville, KY to mobilize protests against lynching and violence against African Americans, and to challenge new laws furthering segregation.

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